Country of origin information

Baghdad Province is formally under government control but Shia militias are prominently present. Along with the Iraqi security forces, they carry out security checks and maintain order in Baghdad, which is a source of concern for the minority Sunni population, who fears a resumption of the 2006-2007 civil war.

This report describes the situation of Afghan refugees in Iran. Afghans living in Iran can be broadly divided into four main groups: Amayesh cardholders, Afghan passport holders with Iranian visas, undocumented Afghan refugees and Afghans registered during headcount exercises. Sometimes the sources do not differentiate between the four categories. Where possible the situation for each main group is described. The main focus of this report lies on the Afghan refugees and not the Afghan passport holders with Iranian visa.

Split into five chapters, this report describes the presence of Afghan refugees in Iran, examines their legal status, their treatment by the Iranian society and the state, cross border movements and their socio-economic situation in the country.

The reference period for this report is 11 October 2020 until 21 October 2022.